Bi bi la, izinibaara la, .bolofara, i n’a fɔ bolola baarakɛcogo yɔrɔ jɔnjɔn, a be baara jɔnjɔnw kɛ ka torque yɛlɛma, ka paramɛtiriw yɛlɛma ani ka lakanali kɔlɔsi. Ka bɔ feed kɔlɔsili la, ka taga se valvebaw dayɛlɛli n’u datuguli ma, k’a ta furakɛli minanw lɔyɔrɔ yɛlɛmani ma ka taga a bila aerospace ka kɔrɔtɔko la, bolo yɛlɛmalan kɛra "farikolo yɔrɔ" ye min tɛ se ka bɔ izini kɔnɔ n'a ka adamaden hakili ye-machine ɲɔgɔndan. Nin barokun bena bolokuru yɛlɛmalan ka nafa n’a ka baarakɛcogo jɔnjɔn sɛgɛsɛgɛ ka bɔ yɔrɔ naani na: fɛɛrɛw, izini ka baarakɛcogow, minanw yɛlɛmani ani ladonni kɛcogow.
Kɔnɔw
1. Sariya minw be se ka yɛlɛma: mekaniki yɛlɛmani loziki .
2. Lizini baarakɛcogo: k’a ta laada baarakɛyɔrɔw la ka taga a bila foro kuraw la .
3. Fɛɛn kuraw: baarakɛcogo be yɛlɛma baarakɛcogo juguw kɔnɔ .
4. Labɛnni kɛcogo: kunba min b’a to an be se ka la a la ko sisitɛmuw ka lannaya .
1. Sariya minw be se ka yɛlɛma: mekaniki yɛlɛmani loziki .
1.1 Labɛnni kɛcogo n’a sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
A ka c’a la, bolo min be yɛlɛma yɛlɛma, o be kɛ ni nɛgɛkunbɛnnan ye, kuma, hub ani bolo ni fani min be bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma. Ka kɛɲɛ ni baarakɛcogo ani transmisiyɔn cogoya ye, a be se ka tila ka kɛ nin sugu nunu ye:
Direkti-aaktɛri bolokuru: a be yɛlɛma don aktɛri la juru wala yɛlɛmafɛnw fɛ, i n’a fɔ valve bolokuruw.
Bololafɛn minw be sɔrɔ: min be ni encoder wala potentiyomɛtiri ye, min be yɛlɛmani yɔrɔ yɛlɛma ka kɛ kuran tagamasiɲɛ ye min be CNC ka masinw mara.
Clutch bolola wulu: min lɔra-in embrayage b’a to yɛlɛmani be kɛ bolola ani automatique cogoya cɛ, i n’a fɔ bolokurunw minw be se ka yɛlɛma yɛlɛma.
Paramɛtiri jɔnjɔnw:
Diamɛtiri ani a ka bon: a ka ca a la, a be se ka kɛ 50-300mm ye, a ka bon ni 10-50mm ye, a ka kan ka kɛɲɛ ni ISO 4285-2020 ka sariya ye.
Torque se: Ɲɛyirali fɛ, DN100 valve bolokuru min be se ka baara kɛ, o be se ka se 300Nヤm ma.
Surface grouness: Ra Less ka tɛmɛ 3,2μm kan wala a be bɛn n’a ye walisa k’a to mɔgɔw be se ka mɔgɔw minɛ cogo ɲuman na.
1.2 Torque yɛlɛmani ani fanga yɛlɛmani fɛɛrɛ .
Ka bolow yɛlɛma yɛlɛma, o be fanga sɔrɔ ka fanga sɔrɔ leverage sariyakolo sababu fɛ. Ɲɛyirali fɛ, bololafɛn dɔ min bonya be se 200mm ma, o be se ka 5Nsinima fanga dɔ bɔ ni fanga dɔ be 50N kɔnɔ (formula: torque=fanga × radius). Minɛnbaw ta fan fɛ, u ka teli ka baara kɛ ni tumuw wala bevel ka minanw ye walisa ka torque fisaya tugun. Ɲɛyirali fɛ, nukeleyɛri fanga be baara kɛ ni 1:100 ye min be 1:100 bɔ ka 10Nsi don 1000Nsimm kɔnɔ.
1.3 erigɔnomikidan
Bolo cogoya: nɛgɛw minw be bɔ wala minw be se ka kɛ i n’a fɔ 3M ergonomi) be kɛ ka bolo sɛgɛsɛgɛri dɔgɔya.
Anti-slip furakɛli: yɔrɔ min be se ka yɛlɛma (module 0,8-1,2mm) wala nɛgɛ (i n’a fɔ Santoprene thermoplastikɛla ka elastomer), a ka nɔgɔ ka tɛmɛ 0,5 kan wala a be bɛn n’a ye.
O la, a be se ka kɛ ko: A be se ka kɛ 1,2-1,5m ye, a be se ka ban wala ka tiptoeing (OSHA ka sariya).
2. Lizini baarakɛcogo: k’a ta laada baarakɛyɔrɔ la ka taga a bila foro kuraw la .
2.1 Suuw ni jii kɔlɔsili .
Lizini tiyow: nɛgɛ bolow (i n’a fɔ ASME B16.34 sariya) be kɛ ka daaw yɛlɛ ani ka datugu ani ka vannew lalɔ, ani 42MPa be fanga sɔrɔ.
LNG kriyozeni valvew: Nɛgɛ min be kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye (316L) be fanga mara degere -162 la , ani u be bɛn ni politetrafluorootilɛn buziw ye walisa ka dɔ bɔ nɛnɛ mugu ka nɔɔw na.
Nukeleyɛri fanga marali: Bolominɛ minw be ni datugulanw ye (i n’a fɔ Westinghouse AP1000 dilan cogo) bali ka baara kɛ, ani baarakɛcogo ka kan ka kɛɲɛ ni HAF 601 ka sariya ye.
2.2 Masini baarakɛminɛnw ani jatebɔ tilennin .
CNC be taga: Bololafɛnw (i n’a fɔ Heidenhain TT 321) be ni 0,001mm/pulse ye ani dɛmɛ ye X/Y/Z axis feed.
Dilan masin dumuni: Bolo minw be ni dial ye (tiɲɛ 0,01mm) be kɛ ka yɛlɛmani ɲuman kɛ nɛgɛw lɔyɔrɔ la ani ka kɛɲɛ ni ISO 230-2 ka sariya ye.
Masini girinmanw: Nɛgɛ bolokuruw (GB/T 4141.23-2010) be 500NSFC ka torque kan ani u be kɛ ka tabali yɛlɛma ka kɛ masinbaw ye.
2.3 Dɔgɔtɔrɔya minanw ani labɛnko minanw .
O la, a be se ka kɛ ko a be se ka kɛ ko a be se ka kɛ ko a ka ɲi ka yɛlɛma.
Kɛwalew labɛnni kalankɛminanw: Anti-slip bolokuru (a ka gɛlɛya A70) be kɛ ka yɛlɛmani don a la, ani banakisɛfagalanw (i n’a fɔ warigwɛ iyɔn furakɛli) be banakisɛw 99,9% faga.
CT masin lɔyɔrɔ: Kuran min be ni encoder ye (sɛmɛ 0,05mm) b’a faamu ko banabagatɔ ka layɔrɔ be tagama cogo tigitigi la, ani ko a be se ka kɛ 0,1mm ye wala a be se ka kɛ kelen ye.
2.4 Sanfɛla ni lafasali minanw .
Aviyɔnw ka teliyako: Titanium alloy bolola (TC4) be kɛ ka bolo bɔ bolo la ani ka jigi, ani ka fanga mara funteni hakɛ la min be se degere -55 ma .
Missle lanader: Bolo min be ni lakanali ye (i n’a fɔ Raytheon Company dilan cogo min na Etazini jamana na) o ka kan ka yɛlɛma siɲɛ 3 ni kɔ walisa ka baara daminɛ walisa a kana maga mɔgɔ la.
Sateliti ka miiriya yɛlɛmani: Bolo min be boli ni trapper motɛri ye (pɛrɛn 1,8 degere ) o be baara kɛ ni tilebɔfɛn jiginin ye walisa ka se ka sateliti antɛni yɛlɛma.
2.5 Lɔnniya ni boonw lɔli .
Aviyɔnw labɛncogo: Nɛgɛ minɛ bolo la (GB 7588-2003) be kɛ ka dayɛlɛli teliman kɛ, operatɛri ka fanga ka dɔgɔ ni 300N ye wala a be se ka kɛ 100 000 ye.
Bridge ka dɛmɛ yɛlɛmani: Bolo min be ni sɛgɛsɛgɛrikɛlan ye (a be se ka kɛ 0,1mm ye) be kɛ ka mɔgɔw bilasira walisa k’a lɔn ni pon labɛnnin be gɛlɛyara cogo kelen na.
Tasumaji yɛlɛmani: Aliminiyɔmu nɛgɛ (anodizenin) ye nɔgɔ-} resistansi ye, baarakɛcogo fanga ka dɔgɔ ni 80Nsi ye, ani a be bɛn ni GB 4452-2011 ka sariya ye.
3. Fɛɛn kuraw: Baarakɛcogo yɛlɛmani ka kɛɲɛ ni baarakɛcogo juguw ye .
3.1 Sugandili nɛgɛ minanw
High-streng aliminiyɔmu nɛgɛ: 7075-T6 aliminiyɔmu nɛgɛ be ni 503MPa sɔrɔ fanga ye, o min be kɛ sanfɛla yɔrɔw la walisa ka girinya dɔgɔya ni 30% ye.
Nɛgɛ min be se ka yɛlɛma: 2205 nɛgɛ min be se ka yɛlɛma, o be ni kuloridi iyɔn ye siɲɛ saba ka tɛmɛ 316L kan, ani a be se ka kɛ baji ka baara la.
3.2 Polimɛri ɲɔgɔndanw
Glass fiyɛri fanga nylon: PA66+30% GF minɛn be ni fanga ye 180MPa ani a be se ka kɛ degere 150 ye , ani a be kɛ ka masinw minɛ minw ka nɔgɔ.
Karibɔni fiyɛri be epokisi rɛzini sabati: CFRP bolow be ni 1,6g/cm3 ye ani 180GPa modɛli ye, ani u bɛnnin lo ni minanw ye minw ka bon.
3.3 Fɛɛn hakilimanw sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
A’ ye hakilijigifɛn (SMA): Nitinol bolola nɛgɛw be nɔgɔya ni funteni dɔgɔman ye walisa ka baara kɛ nɔgɔman na ani ka se ka yɔrɔ dɔ labɛn ka ɲɛ ni funteniba ye (patte nimero CN 11881724 A).
Plastikiw: Polyanilini- ka polivinili kɔlɔriw minɛ, ani yɔrɔ min be se ka yɛlɛma, o ye 10⁶Ωsimcm ye.
4. Labɛnni kɛcogo: kunba min b’a to an be se ka la a la ko sisitɛmuw ka lannaya .
4.1 Labɛnni kɛcogo ani torsi kɔlɔsili .
A ka kan ka kɛ: I ka baara kɛ ni laser leally minan ye (i n’a fɔ Fluke 820-401) walisa k’a lɔn ni ɲɔgɔndan min be bolokuru ni transmisɔn cɛ, o ka dɔgɔ ni 0,05mm ye wala min be bɛn 0,05mm ma.
Labɛnw labɛncogo: M12 bolt (grade 10,9) ka doni 111±12Nヤm, i ka baara kɛ ni hydraulique tensioner ye walisa ka doni don ka ɲɛ.
4.2 Lubrucation marali ani fani doncogo kɔlɔsili .
Lubrikasiyɔn yɛlɛmani: I ka baara kɛ ni litiyɔmu- ye min basiginin be tulu kan (i n’a fɔ Klüberplex BE 41-132), o be lɛrɛ 200 o lɛrɛ 200 wala 5000 baara kɛ.
Ka fani don: Ultrasonic ka gɛrɛntɛ sumani (UT) be hub kogo ka gɛrɛntɛ kɔlɔsi, ani a ka kan ka yɛlɛma n’a ka fani ka ca ni 10% ye.
4.3 Failire sɛgɛsɛgɛli ani ɲɛnamaya ka kiraya kuma .
Jateden ka ɲɛnamaya: Ka sinsin Miner ka tiɲɛni miiriya lineari kan, i ka bolola weeli ka ɲɛnamaya jati doni yɛlɛmaninw na. Ɲɛyirali fɛ, sɛgɛsɛgɛri min be kɛ bolokuru dɔ ka ɲɛnamaya kɔnɔ, o ye 100Nsim ye 100 2 ye.
Crack lɔnniya: Magnetiki fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw sɛgɛsɛgɛli (MT) be farankanw ye kumakan lili la, ani fiɲɛ fitinin min be se ka lɔn, o ye 0,1mm ye.
Fɔkasurunya
Komi “farikolo yɔrɔ” min be sɔrɔ iziniw ka sɛgɛsɛgɛri la, bolo yɛlɛmani ka fɛɛrɛw yiriwali be bɔra mekaniki yɛlɛmani na ka taga hakilitigi ani nɔgɔman na. K’a ta fɛnw yɛlɛmani na baarakɛcogo juguw la ka taga a bila ergonomi dilan cogo la, k’a ta laada baarakɛyɔrɔw la ka taga a bila foro kuraw la, bolokuru yɛlɛmalanw waleyali donna bi izinibaara la. Siniɲɛsigi la, ni hakilidiya ye min be don ɲɔgɔn na ani ɛntɛrɛnɛti fɛɛrɛw ka don ɲɔgɔn na, bolo yɛlɛmalanw bena baara dɔw don ɲɔgɔn na i n’a fɔ fanga sɔrɔcogo ani lɔyɔrɔ kɔlɔsili, ka kɛ yɔrɔ hakilimanw ye izini 4.0 wagati la.
Lizini lɔnniya: Ka kɛɲɛ ni "Industriel Control Components Market Report" ka kunnafoniw ye, diɲɛ kɔnɔ bolokuru sugu bena se ka se dɔrɔmɛ miliyari 1,2 ma saan 2025, ani saan kɔnɔ, yiriwali hakɛ ye 6,8% ye. Baarakɛyɔrɔw ka kan ka jateminɛ kɛ ISO 4285-2024 ka yɛlɛmani kan walisa ka se ka fɛɛrɛ kuraw kunbɛn fanga kura, dilanfɛnba ani baara wɛrɛw la.
